A Zener diode, also known as a Zener diode, is a special diode whose main function is to stabilize voltage. Zener diodes play a key role in all kinds of electronic devices. This article will explain in detail the working principle of Zener diodes and provide a practical selection guide.
- Working principle of Zener diodes
The working principle of Zener diodes mainly depends on their reverse breakdown characteristics. When forward biased, Zener diodes behave like ordinary diodes. However, when reverse biased, when the voltage reaches a certain value (called Zener voltage or breakdown voltage), the diode will begin to conduct electricity and form a stable voltage drop. Therefore, Zener diodes are often used as voltage regulators to protect circuits from overvoltage damage.
- Selection guide for Zener diodes
Determine the operating voltage: First, you need to know what voltage your circuit needs to be stable at. The breakdown voltage of Zener diodes has a variety of specifications, and you need to choose a diode that matches the operating voltage you need.
Determine the power capacity: Zener diodes will have a certain power consumption when working, so you need to choose a diode that can withstand the expected power consumption of your circuit. A diode with too little power capacity may burn out during operation.
Determine the package: Zener diodes come in a variety of packages, such as DO-35, DO-41, SOD-123, etc. You need to choose the right package based on your circuit design and space constraints.
Consider the temperature coefficient: The breakdown voltage of a Zener diode is affected by temperature. When choosing a diode, you need to consider its temperature coefficient to ensure that it can provide a stable voltage at different temperatures.
Find the data sheet: Last but not least, check the diode’s data sheet. The data sheet will provide detailed performance parameters such as breakdown voltage, operating current, power capacity, etc., which are important factors to consider when selecting a diode.
